HDI measures the outcomes of the development process. Basic needs and Essay

HDI measures the outcomes of the development process. Basic needs and the Milllenium Development Goals offer strategies by which to achieve such development. Explain and discuss - Essay Example The setting of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) called for a measure to evaluate the progress. There the HDI was developed as an alternative measure of the development recorded from using per capita income as before. Using Human Development Index has been seen as a better way of developing a reliable report especially in the drafting of HDR as in the past development was measured in terms of income only (Jahan, 2001). Per capita income had been seen as a good way of doing such an evaluation as in cases where it is high it shows that the economy is strong and that should also translate to other facets of the same government. However, with the introduction of the Human Development concept in the 1990s, it has been established that there is a need to develop a better means in which the development can be measured. This was followed by the publication of the Human Development Report (Jahan, 2001; United Nations Development Program). Therefore, to realize real development, alternative methods such as the HDI are used to consider issues such as poverty, health and income which are covered in the MDGs. Pribula, P. (2010). Human Development Index: How to Cope with with its Limitations. Web. http://www.globalpolitics.cz/clanky/human-development-index-how-to-cope-with-its-limitations Accessed January 10,

Terrorism. What is it and can it be stopped Essay

Terrorism. What is it and can it be stopped - Essay Example She states that every day experiences and particularly the role of the post modern media has a large role to play here." Gray and Ropeik(2002) have stated that "Fear itself is a risk and must be part of risk-management policy making." In this vein they have stated that the post September the 11th fear has come to involve serious public health connotations and lessened peoples faith in aviation security. The threat of anthrax caused many thousands of people to take "broad-spectrum antibiotics to prevent possible anthrax infections, thereby accelerating antimicrobial resistance"(Gray and Ropeik2002). This was all a result of fear and they propose that this could have been avoided by effective risk communication.The general public should not have to rely upon media awareness but personal experience and conversation should form the pivotal concern for communication here.Gray and Ropeik(2002) further note that this uncertainty caused an even greater uncertainty amongst the victim base whi ch was the query that " .Who were the attackers What will they do next When Where How does anthrax work Just how hard is it to "weaponize" biological agents Is our water supply safe _ Is the risk personal as in "it might happen to me," Jackson(2006) has lent some interesting insights into the fear of crime to risk research, in line with the concept of fear of crime and the politics of fear, emotion and cognition of the victim base and the prospective/feared victim base. He concludes that "the fear of crime may be an individual response to community social order and a generalized attitude toward the moral trajectory of society." It is interesting as Linda et al (2004) note that there has been an increased willingness to sacrifice civil liberties for control of terrorism.Raymond Monsour Scurfield (2002) as a personal victim of the events of September the 11th saga has shown the psychological repercussions of the post 9/11 attacks upon the range of normal and expectable reactions by those present on and distant from the terror site particularly in the form of PTSD ( post-traumatic stress disorder) She has shown that the impact of September the 11th had an overall bearing upon the country's workplace and had psychological impacts even upon the people not at the ground zero site.She has also noted that " for the one-month period following the September 2001 attack, there was a 16 percent increase nationwide in the prescription of antidepressants as compared to the previous year." It is worth learning from yester year's horror bibles like the discovery of the 180 pages long Al Qaeda manual which was seized from the Manchester ,England home of a bin Laden disciple, was a shocking moment for Britain and new dilemma for the counterterrorism forces and anti terrorism think tanks of Britain and the US. The Arabic manual literally translated was about "Military Studies in the Jihad Against the Tyrants," which was basically a complete guide believed to be the "terrorism textbook" with guidance for jihad members on subjects such as assassination ,forgery and preparing poisons in its 18 chapters for the followers of Osama bin Laden. The manual was subsequently placed into evidence during a federal trial of four terrorists who